See cloud in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cló"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "clòthadh"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "clód"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cloid",
"3": "-ad",
"alt1": "clo-",
"alt2": "-ud"
},
"expansion": "clo- + -ud",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From clo- + -ud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cloüd",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "cloita",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clótho",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chloud",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "cloita",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "cloüd",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cloüd m (genitive cloita)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cloita",
"head": "cloüd"
},
"expansion": "cloüd m (genitive cloita)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*clóth",
"gen_sg2": "cloita",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cloud+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "*clóthu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cloud+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "*clóthaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "*clóthaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cloud+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "*clótho",
"gen_du2": "cloita",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "*clóthae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "*clótho+H",
"gen_sg2": "cloita+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "s",
"nom_du": "cloud+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "*clóthae",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "cloud",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cloud+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "*clóthu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cloud",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish terms suffixed with -ad",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"english": "To overthrow this view, then, this psalm was sung.",
"text": "Do chloud tra in dligid-sin, ro·gabad in-salm-so.",
"translation": "To overthrow this view, then, this psalm was sung.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "subduing",
"word": "cloïd"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of cloïd: subduing"
],
"id": "en-cloud-sga-noun-A1KXx~Rw",
"links": [
[
"cloïd",
"cloid#Old_Irish"
],
[
"subduing",
"subduing"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklo.uð/"
},
{
"note": "Blasse",
"other": "[ˈklo.uð]"
},
{
"note": "Griffith",
"other": "[ˈklo.øð]"
}
],
"word": "cloud"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cló"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "clòthadh"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "clód"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cloid",
"3": "-ad",
"alt1": "clo-",
"alt2": "-ud"
},
"expansion": "clo- + -ud",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From clo- + -ud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cloüd",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "cloita",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clótho",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloud",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chloud",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "cloita",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "cloüd",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cloüd m (genitive cloita)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cloita",
"head": "cloüd"
},
"expansion": "cloüd m (genitive cloita)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*clóth",
"gen_sg2": "cloita",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cloud+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "*clóthu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cloud+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "*clóthaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "*clóthaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cloud+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "*clótho",
"gen_du2": "cloita",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "*clóthae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "*clótho+H",
"gen_sg2": "cloita+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "s",
"nom_du": "cloud+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "*clóthae",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "cloud",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cloud+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "*clóthu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cloud",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms suffixed with -ad",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish terms with quotations",
"Old Irish uncountable nouns",
"Old Irish verbal nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"english": "To overthrow this view, then, this psalm was sung.",
"text": "Do chloud tra in dligid-sin, ro·gabad in-salm-so.",
"translation": "To overthrow this view, then, this psalm was sung.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "subduing",
"word": "cloïd"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of cloïd: subduing"
],
"links": [
[
"cloïd",
"cloid#Old_Irish"
],
[
"subduing",
"subduing"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklo.uð/"
},
{
"note": "Blasse",
"other": "[ˈklo.uð]"
},
{
"note": "Griffith",
"other": "[ˈklo.øð]"
}
],
"word": "cloud"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cloud meaning in Old Irish (4.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cloud/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cloud"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloud",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"cloud"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloud",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cloud"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloud",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.